Elucidating the metabolic regulation of liver regeneration
The study looked back on their health records for up to three years, beginning when they started taking either a GLP-1 receptor agonist most commonly semaglutide, liraglutide or dulaglutide or another type of medication, called an SGLT2 inhibitor, to treat their diabetes
References Eli Lilly and Company (2025) Lillys orforglipron helped people maintain weight loss after switching from injectable incretins Available at: (Accessed: 15 December 2025).
Key points for patient discussions include: GLP-1 medications are FDA-approved only for type 2 diabetes and, for specific agents, chronic weight management Research on cognitive benefits is ongoing but not yet conclusive These medications have known side effects that require monitoring Dementia prevention involves multiple lifestyle and medical factors Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception while taking GLP-1 medications, as safety in pregnancy is not established Patients should seek medical evaluation if they experience: New or worsening memory problems or confusion (which may warrant cognitive screening, laboratory tests including thyroid and vitamin B12, and possible referral to neurology) Severe gastrointestinal symptoms while taking GLP-1 medications Signs of dehydration (dizziness, decreased urination, dry mouth) Persistent abdominal pain that could indicate pancreatitis Neck mass or hoarseness (thyroid concerns) Sudden vision changes (potential retinopathy complications) Right upper quadrant pain, fever, or yellowing of skin/eyes (gallbladder or liver issues) Caregivers of individuals with established dementia should discuss with healthcare providers whether continuing or initiating GLP-1 therapy is appropriate, considering the person's ability to manage injections, report side effects, and maintain adequate nutrition
