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This antioxidant effect also enhances the activity of direct-acting antivirals such as telaprevir, especially in telaprevir-resistant replicon cells ( Beyond HCV, PYC also modulates host factors implicated in viral replication and immune regulation, including long non-coding IFN-induced protein-44 (lnc-IFI-44), polycystic kidney disease 1-like 3 (Pkd1l3), and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 31 (Usp31) ( PYC has also been reported to inhibit HIV-1 entry and replication ( Importantly, PYCs antiviral activity extends beyond direct viral inhibition to include complementary host-directed effects

In hepatic cells, phosphorylated HSP27 promotes autophagy and lipid clearance, suggesting its therapeutic potential in MASLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)

Rinse off thoroughly with water and pat your skin dry with a clean towel

J Appl Toxicol