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Dhanwani R, Lima-Junior JR, Sethi A, Pham J, Williams G, Frazier A, et al

Shared epigenetic mechanisms in depression-drug addiction comorbidity To better integrate these findings, we introduce a unifying three-axis framework, stress-response regulation, reward-circuit remodeling, and synaptic plasticity, which provides a coherent structure for understanding how epigenetic alterations converge across depression, drug addiction, and drug addiction-induced depression

Microbiota-derived metabolites represent a plausible mechanistic interface: SCFAs and secondary bile acids can strengthen epithelial barrier function, modulate host metabolism via FXR- and TGR5-dependent signaling, and attenuate low-grade inflammation, potentially reinforcing pharmacologically targeted pathways