Cha YJ, Kim E-S, Koo JS
Outcomes of interest for this review included cellular factors such as neurotrophins (i.e., brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)) and inflammatory markers, hemodynamic and functional measures for any cerebral conduit arteries (e.g., neck artery compliance/stiffness, blood flow, reactivity) and cerebral arteries (e.g., cerebral hemodynamics, blood flow, reactivity, autoregulation), brain structure (regional grey matter integrity, white matter lesions, diffusion tensor images, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity), clinical neurodegenerative measures (amyloid deposition, tau neurofibrillary tangles, inflammatory markers), functional connectivity (functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) indices), and cognitive function
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