In granulosa cells of women with endometriosis, elevated lipid peroxidation markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) have been observed, accompanied by decreased glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), key inhibitors of ferroptosis ( Ferroptosis exerts a double-edged effect in endometriosis: while it damages ovarian granulosa cells, oocytes, and embryosdisrupting oocyte maturation, decreasing oocyte retrieval rates, and impairing embryonic developmentit also promotes ectopic lesion growth through downstream signaling pathways that enhance angiogenesis and inflammation ( Therapeutically, ferroptosis inducers can promote lipid ROS accumulation and endometriotic cell death but may exacerbate granulosa cell damage, while ferroptosis inhibitors protect granulosa cells against oxidative damage
Coordinate this timing with your OB-GYN or reproductive endocrinologist for your specific situation
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However, it is not recommended to combine it directly with high concentrations of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) or AHAs, as the acidic pH of these actives can destabilize the copper complex and reduce GHK-Cu efficacy