Around 30% of patients start with bulbar symptoms, which affect the muscles used for speaking and swallowing, leading to problems like slurred speech (dysarthria), trouble swallowing (dysphagia), and twitching of the tongue muscles (Chi et al., 2013)
Relevant Studies & Resources For those interested in learning more about the research behind IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and their connection to cancer risk and hormone signaling, here are several peer-reviewed studies and academic resources: Circulating Growth Factor Concentrations and Breast Cancer Risk: A Nested Case-Control Study of IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and Breast Cancer in a Family-Based Cohort PMC Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I, IGF Binding Protein-3, and Cancer Risk: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis PubMed The Expression and Function of IGFBP-3 in Normal and Malignant Breast Tissue Anticancer Research IGF-1, IGFBP-3, and Cancer Risk The Lancet Concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition British Journal of Cancer Genetic Polymorphisms in the IGFBP3 Gene: Association with Breast Cancer Risk and Blood IGFBP-3 Protein Levels Among Chinese Women Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Plasma Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Lung Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Analysis Journal of the National Cancer Institute Alterations of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 (IGFBP-3) Glycosylation in Patients with Breast Tumours Clinical Biochemistry
Kaempferol, available in green leafy vegetables and tea, exhibits antioxidant activity and inhibits the NF-B pathway (Silva dos Santos et al., 2021)
Amanda Bulman, Nathan M
